Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke indicated that policy makers are prepared to lower interest rates further to revive the economy as banks make it more expensive to borrow.
The Fed “will act in a timely manner as needed to support growth and to provide adequate insurance against downside risks,'' Bernanke told the Senate Banking Committee in Washington today.
Bernanke and his colleagues are trying to steer the economy through a credit crunch that began with rising delinquencies on subprime mortgages and is now in its seventh month. He acknowledged a widening impact on households and consumers from financial volatility, even after the central bank “aggressively'' lowered interest rates.
“More-expensive and less-available credit seems likely to continue to be a source of restraint on economic growth,'' Bernanke said. “The outlook for the economy has worsened in recent months, and the downside risks to growth have increased.''
Bernanke provided less of a sense of urgency than in remarks last month, which preceded the fastest easing of monetary policy in two decades. Today, he left out the line from Jan. 10 and Jan. 17 speeches that the Fed stood ready to take “substantive additional action.'' The chairman also omitted comments that policy makers “must remain exceptionally alert and flexible'' and act in a “decisive'' manner.
`Slowing the Pace'
“He's setting the stage for at least slowing the pace of accommodation, but definitely not stopping it anytime soon,'' said Mike Feroli, an economist at JPMorgan Chase & Co. in New York. The firm expects a quarter-point reduction in the benchmark rate when policy makers next meet on March 18.
Futures markets show traders expect another half-point reduction, to 2.5 percent, by the end of the next Federal Open Market Committee meeting on March 18.
Treasury securities, which had fallen before Bernanke's testimony, were little changed after. Ten-year note yields rose to 3.78 percent at 10:52 a.m. in New York, from 3.73 percent late yesterday.
“They are still willing to be in a risk-management mode, lowering rates if the risks are elevated rather than waiting,'' said Julia Coronado, senior U.S. economist at Barclays Capital Inc. in New York. Barclays forecasts another half-point cut in the federal funds rate in March. “There is nothing here that leads us to change that forecast.''
Bernanke said his own prediction calls for the economy to avoid a recession this year.
Bernanke `Baseline'
“My baseline outlook involves a period of sluggish growth, followed by a somewhat stronger pace of growth starting later this year as the effects of monetary and fiscal stimulus begin to be felt,'' the 54-year-old Fed chairman said. “Although the baseline outlook envisions an improving picture, it is important to recognize that downside risks to growth remain.''
Bernanke said “in the months ahead'' Fed officials will be monitoring inflation closely. Over the year, the central bank will need to “assess whether the stance of monetary policy is properly calibrated'' to meet the objectives of full employment and price stability, he said http://fcrwizard.com payday loans.
“To date, inflation expectations appear to have remained reasonably well anchored,'' Bernanke said. “Our policy stance must be determined in light of the medium-term forecast for real activity and inflation, as well as the risks to that forecast.''
The worst housing slump in a quarter century has combined with lower stock prices and elevated inflation to sap household wealth.
Job, Stock Losses
The economy lost 17,000 jobs in January, the first drop in more than four years. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index has fallen three consecutive months, and is down 7.3 percent so far this year. Residential investment subtracted 1.2 percentage point from growth last quarter, the eighth straight decline, according to government statistics.
“The softer labor market, together with factors including higher energy prices, lower equity prices, and declining home values, seem likely to weigh on consumer spending in the near term,'' Bernanke said.
Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, testifying with Bernanke and Securities & Exchange Commission Chairman Christopher Cox at today's hearing, said in his testimony that the $168 billion stimulus package enacted this week will help buttress the economy.
Tax Rebates
Paulson said in his testimony that tax rebate checks will be sent to more than 130 million Americans beginning in May. The measure also includes investment incentives for businesses.
Still, economists such as Harvard University's Martin Feldstein said the plan may not keep the U.S. out of a recession.
“Even if it isn't avoided, will it be enough to cause this to be a modest downturn?'' Feldstein, president of the National Bureau of Economic Research, said in a Bloomberg Television interview on Feb. 12. “We can't be sure because of the problems in the credit markets,'' he said, estimating the chance of a recession at “close to 50-50.''
The Federal Open Market Committee cut the benchmark lending rate a half-point to 3 percent last month, after an emergency 75 basis point reduction in the federal funds rate Jan. 22.
Still, credit markets remain under stress. The extra yield investors demand to buy investment grade U.S. corporate bonds rose to 2.37 percentage points Feb. 12 from 2.24 percentage points on Jan. 21, according to Merrill Lynch & Co. data.
Fed rate cuts are “coming when banks already have a significant number of impairments and are trying to protect their own balance sheets,'' said Joshua Rosner, managing director at the New York research firm Graham Fisher & Co. “They aren't interested in passing on that cut to most borrowers.''
Writedowns and credit losses at the world's largest banks and securities firms have exceeded $146 billion since the beginning of 2007.
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